shrink
英 [ʃrɪŋk]
美[ʃrɪŋk]
- n. n.收缩；畏缩；精神病学家
- vt. 使缩小，使收缩
- vi. .收缩；畏缩
词态变化
复数: shrinks;第三人称单数: shrinks;过去式: shrank; shrunk;过去分词: shrunk; shrunken;现在分词: shrinking;
助记提示
1. shrivel 和 shrink 它们音近形近义近，并且它们似乎都来源于北欧语中音近形近义近的单词，因此它们很可能具有同源性，或者具有近亲关系。
2. 根据音近义通的一般原理和单词的词源信息而得出的猜测。
3. s- "intensive prefix" + *crink (from crinkle, crinkle => *crink, cringe => *crink) => *scrink => shrink. (probably from PIE root *ker-/*sker- "turn, bend").
分析：shr——“输入、吸入”的拼音首字母；ink——墨水。
记忆：输入瓶子里的墨水在逐渐减少。钢笔吸入墨水后，墨水瓶里的墨水收缩、减少了。
2. 根据音近义通的一般原理和单词的词源信息而得出的猜测。
3. s- "intensive prefix" + *crink (from crinkle, crinkle => *crink, cringe => *crink) => *scrink => shrink. (probably from PIE root *ker-/*sker- "turn, bend").
分析：shr——“输入、吸入”的拼音首字母；ink——墨水。
记忆：输入瓶子里的墨水在逐渐减少。钢笔吸入墨水后，墨水瓶里的墨水收缩、减少了。
中文词源
shrink 收缩，缩小，缩水
来自古英语 scrincan,收缩，枯萎，凋谢，来自 Proto-Germanic*skrink,收缩，来自 PIE*sker, 弯，转，词源同 ring,curve,scrimp.引申词义缩小，缩水等。
英文词源
- shrink (v.)
- Old English scrincan "to draw in the limbs, contract, shrivel up; wither, pine away" (class III strong verb; past tense scranc, past participle scruncen), from Proto-Germanic *skrink- (cognates: Middle Dutch schrinken), probably from PIE root *(s)ker- (3) "to turn, bend" (see ring (n.1)).
Originally with causal shrench (compare drink/drench). Sense of "become reduced in size" recorded from late 13c. The meaning "draw back, recoil" (early 14c.) perhaps was suggested by the behavior of snails. Transitive sense, "cause to shrink" is from late 14c. Shrink-wrap is attested from 1961 (shrinking-wrap from 1959). Shrinking violet "shy person" attested from 1882. - shrink (n.)
- "an act of shrinking," 1580s, from shrink (v.). Slang meaning "psychiatrist," (1966) is from head-shrinker.
双语例句
- 1. Alistair saw Henry shrink, as if the words had touched a nerve.
- 阿利斯泰尔看到亨利向后缩了一下，好像那些话触到了他的痛处。
来自柯林斯例句
- 2. There was a general acceptance that the defence budget would shrink.
- 人们普遍相信国防预算将会缩减。
来自柯林斯例句
- 3. I've seen a shrink already.
- 我已经看过心理专家了。
来自柯林斯例句
- 4. Washing wool in hot water will shrink it.
- 在热水中洗毛织品会使其缩水.
来自《简明英汉词典》
- 5. Will this soap shrink woolen clothes?
- 这种肥皂会使毛织品缩水 吗 ?
来自《简明英汉词典》